Tuesday, August 09, 2005

A $100 barrel solution


Reuters reported Oil at $64 a barrel this week which led me to think how the Relationship Value Model would be applied by governments contemplating oil shortage and production problems pushing prices towards $100.

In the first instance, landscaping the broad range of knowledge, opinion and projections by many groups is mandatory. This would need to be across many networks using an array of channels for communication.

Obviously there are the traditional news channels of the nature used in the early empirical research into the Model. There is the academic media which is slow to publish but peer reviewed and there are analyst reports, oil company reports and projections plus the work of the financial institutions.

The commentary among NGO's and unmediated commentary from sources such as Blogs, Usenet, Listserve as well as focus groups and the like may also be of help. The methodologies used will probably be automated content analysis because of its speed and consistency (I would lean towards semantic analysis where I have had considerable success in the past - see below for reference).

Using this approach, we will be able to identify the most significant concepts that are relevant to each communication channel.

Each such concept will be associated with kindred concepts and in combination one would be able to identify similarities and differences between each of the channels and the people who are presenting such views.

In addition, where concepts are presented as an explicit description (e.g. 'oil' or “global warming') we might consider such expressions as tokens and where there are concepts emerging that are semantically associated with such tokens that are implicit or metaphoric (e.g. 'shortage', 'disaster' etc.) we would have identifies values associated with such tokens.

In identifying where there are the same values and associated tokens in any channel, we can assume convergence is occurring (and the actors who have the most affinity) and, in addition, we would be able to identify where there is actual or latent convergence. In both cases, we would have identified the constituents related to the emerging topics and their concerns.

The advantage of this form of landscaping is that it would also provide a view of the 'language' of the people expressing concerns and interest which offers the communicator a lingua franca which would be attractive to and understood by these groupings.

From such information, policy making and the means by which policy can be explicated to the pubic can be made.

(Latent Semantic Analysis is developed from the work presented by S. C. Deerwester, S. T. Dumais, T. K. Landauer, G. W. Furnas, and R. A. Harshman.
Indexing by latent semantic analysis. in the Journal of the American Society of Information Science 41(6):391--407, 1990

Sunday, August 07, 2005

Falling foul of brand valuation

Earlier this month The Financial Reporting Review Panel published its first report on the results of its pro-active approach to company accounts for review. The report covers the fifteen-month period to 31 March 2005.

Not surprisingly it had problems with reporting on intangibles. John Flynn (left), Vice Chairman of CIM is making interesting comments about brands and thier values and the advent of the Relationship Value Model will give them, and some major corporations some additional ideas for the future.

This is quite important. Some Brands are said to be worth a lot of money. Tesco is said to be worth £4.8 billion as a brand.


Goodwill and intangible assets

The accounts of a number of companies failed to satisfy the disclosure requirements of FRS 10 ‘Goodwill and intangible assets’ which contains a rebuttable presumption that the useful economic life of purchased goodwill or an intangible asset is limited to a period of 20 years or less.

The standard requires the grounds for rebutting the presumption to be disclosed. In a number of enquiries, which included FTSE 100 companies, the Panel found that no such disclosures were provided. The reasons for the failure to include a reasoned explanation for the policy varied from case to case, but included the proposition that the durability of the assets, particularly brands, was well known and understood without further comment and that a number of industry leaders adopted a similar approach to the detailed reporting requirements.

If we start off with Brands we find that most brand valuation and most of the literature is misplaced because it does not factor in the value of relationships. If the organisation does not foster relationships between its brands and consumers, the brand must suffer. And, if this is not enough, the requirement to report on stakeholder relations (and a stakeholder in this context is any 'user' of the annual report) is also up for a major revision.

One recalls that it was not the author who suggested that relationships have value. It was the then Secretary of State, Patricia Hewitt MP and I did report on her assertion at the time.


There are a number of disenting views about brand valuation. John Flynne, Vice Chairman of the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) says that ‘Brands come second: Brains not Brands are an organisation’s marketing asset

And, one might add, this is only true if the brains have relationships with other brains. The relationship Value Model would seem to be needed to make his latest hypotisis work.

Tinting the rose

In following through the writings of Bathes I spent some time with Wikipedia on Bathes.

The comment that caught my eye is this:

“In His 1968 essay "The Death of the Author," Barthes made a strong, polemical argument against the centrality of the figure of the author in literary study. (Michel Foucaults later article What is an Author? responded to Barthess polemic with an analysis of the social and literary "author-function.") In His 1971 essay "From Work to Text", Barthes takes this idea further, arguing that while a work (such as a book or a film) contains meanings that are unproblematically traceable back to the author (and therefore closed), a text (the same book or film) is actually something that remains open. The resulting concept of intertextuality implies that meaning is brought to a cultural object by its audience and does not intrinsically reside in the object. Barthes' book S/Z is often called the masterpiece of structuralist literary criticism. In S/Z, Barthes dissects the story "Sarrasine" by Honoré de Balzac at length, proceeding sentence by sentence, assigning each word and sentence to one or several "codes" and levels of meaning within the story. Barthes' cultural criticism, published in volumes including Mythologies, is one of the key antecedents for later cultural studies, the application of techniques of literary and social criticism to mass culture.”

Tracing through the links, one comes to a conclusion that there is a superficial similarity between the Relationship Value Model and the work of Bathes. The concept that in a work the audience (well... one member of an audience) will take a cultural object and interpret it with the values brought to it by the audience (person) is close to my hypothesis. But is not exactly the same, if one accepts that a cultural object is the same as a 'token' in the Relationship Value Model. My hypothesis makes much of the network and its ability to offer the means by which tokens and their values (the means of interpretation) can be exposed to the parties using the network. It then goes on to suggest that values attaching to the token, when commonly held (say, between and author and an audience), will create impetus for cognitive consistency and thereby a relationship.

There is interesting background stuff about cognitive science here

Friday, August 05, 2005

Two minds and the nature of a rose

There is a considerable cross over between the work of the semioticians and relationship management theoreticians. Having used the rose as a metaphor to describe how we exchange tokens in networks as part of the process of building relationships I discover from Dr Reginald Watts (who offers us a concept “Towards a visual language – are we standing at the graveside of the written word?”) that Roland Barthes used it in a similar way.

The Relationship Value Model posits that the rose, as a token, has values that help us understand what is meant when it is gift (romantic, peace offering etc.) or represents an asset (to a florist a rose represents stock) or is a twig from a dying shrub depending on the Social Frame (network) in which it is presented.

Multiculturalism needs more research

The BBC's Today programme invited comment about what multiculturalism really means from Labour's John Denham. Denham wants more action to tackle the roots of alienation.

This debate extends to what we mean by 'our country', 'our nation' and the values we ascribe to such notions. The argument can go further. One might ask about 'our community', 'our neighbourhood' and so forth. Multiculturalism is a significant area of social research and a debate will rage because of the emerging critics. There is a need for a capability to be able to research into the drivers behind communities.

This really is what the Relationship Value Model is about. It is an approach to understanding social groups through the tokens and values held by people and held in common such that they describe the nature of the country, nation, community or neighbourhood..

The model is quite explicit in showing how it can be applied in the process of discovering what shapes our society by way of social groups, the tokens that are significant to such groups and the values that attach to such tokens and which are held in common by members.

Thursday, August 04, 2005

A third of UK workers couldn't care less about their jobs

A third of British workers could not care less whether their company succeeds or fails as long as they get their pay cheque at the end of the month, according to research from IRS.

A widely reported study study of 15,000 UK workers found that while the overwhelming majority – 85 per cent – enjoyed their work, a significant minority feel unengaged and indifferent about their organisation's success.

Nick Tatchell, project director at ISR said: "It is encouraging that Britons enjoy their jobs but disappointing that such a high percentage of employees are indifferent to their organisations' success.

"The worrying thing for UK companies is that this indifference can lead to a reduction in profits," he added.

This would suggest that British companies are not very aware of what it is that constitutes a company. The Relationship Value Model is based on research that showed that employees have tokens in common with other employees which have common values. These are the 'material' tokens that describe the organisation.

The role of managers is to identify these tokens and to create cognitive consistency among employees. Otherwise as Nick Tatchell points out, they will loose money.



Saturday, July 23, 2005

A different approach to the Relationship Value Model

Elizebeth Albrycht's Blog alerted me to the recently released a report called Toward a New Literacy of Cooperation in Business (pdf download).


It's authors, Andrea Saveri, Howard Rheingold, Alex Soojung-Kim Pang, and Kathi Vian, must have been looking over my shoulder as I worked out the Relationship Value Model.

They write (and I comment):

Connective and pervasive technologies are enabling new forms of human and machine interactions (networks) and relationships; they will present business institutions with a host of new possibilities for organizing people, processes, relationships and knowledge (wealth creation). These forces will accelerate a shift in business strategy from solving concrete business problems to managing complex business dilemmas, which in turn will require a broader set of strategic tools (The Relationship Value Model) and concepts than are provided by competitive models. (1)

Elizabeth summarises findings in the paper:

The authors organize their information by what they are calling "lenses", which enable them to address what the major insights on cooperation are from various disciplines. These seven lenses are:

1. Synchrony (cognitive convergence)

2. Symbiosis (tokens and values)

3. Group Selection (material tokens that explicate an organisation)

4. Catalysis (common values for a range of tokens)

5. Commons (networks)

6. Collective Action (identified among tokens held in common by social organisations)

  1. Collective Intelligence (networks of social organisations – such as a business holding tokens and values in common)

Uncanny really!

Friday, July 22, 2005

Groups Get Leverage

The Relationship Value Model received another boost this month from Clay Shirky. Addressing delegates at the TED (Technology, Entertainment and Design) conference in Oxford, UK. He said: "Loosely organised groups will be increasingly given leverage.

"Institutions will come under increasing degrees of pressures and the more rigid they are, the more pressures they will come under.

"It is going to be a mass re-adjustment."

The Model addresses these ideas and gives PR practitioners and opportunity to understand what all this is about.

Social Responsibility - Its in the bottom line

Business Ethics magazine report that there is a statistically significant association between corporate social performance and financial performance exists, which varies "from highly positive to modestly positive."

From which we can take comfort in the fact that there is a bottom line benefit available from good relationship management.

Relationship Management counts for a lot.

Thursday, July 21, 2005

Rolling back the terrorists

Using Social Frames, a management tool for PR practitioners, to track down terrorists is a pretty cool idea.

The idea behind Social Frames is that is provides a shape to describe target actors (people) or groups of people (publics) who have a lot in common.

Time frame by time frame, we can build up a picture of consumers, employees, vendors and other important groups that affect our social group (OK – company).

The same rules can be applied to terrorist.

By using well informed groups that might include relatives, social workers, religious leaders, police and security experts, psychologists and socilologists, a picture can be made.

It will be information about where the terrorist is typically at different times and on different days. It will identify what assets, information and knowledge tokens are play at those times and, finally, it will identify the interactivity available and in use in that environment.

Hour by hour, day by day, a picture will emerge.

A process like this will be needed for every terrorist and it will, before long, create a picture of places, people a and activities that are common to terrorists.

The Relationship Value Model has many applications.

Who cares about PR evaluation?


The latest comment from CIPR is a mile away from the silly PRE-Fix idea.
At last it makes some sort of sense. But the Institute has a long way to go before it catches up with the media that REALLY like to take serious note


There are loads of people who are interested in PR evaluation. This is obvious when looking at the range of publications that cover the subject in one form or another:


Journal of Applied Communication Research.

Journal of Business Communication.

Journal of Communication.

Journal of Communication Management.

Journal of Employee Communications Management.

Journal of Public Relations Research.

Journal of Reputation Management.

Public Relations Quarterly.

Strategic Communication Management.

Communications World.

Frontline.

O’Dwyer’s PR Services Report.

Public Relations Strategist.

PRSA Strategist.

Reputation Management.


And then there are the publications that cover the back end bit.


Computational Linguistics

Journal of Automated Reasoning

Journal of Language and Computation

Journal of Logic, Language and Information

Journal of Semantics

Linguistics and Philosophy

Natural Language Semantics

Web Journal of Formal, Computational & Cognitive Linguistics


Linguistics and Philosophy
Natural Language Semantics

Journal of Semantics

Journal of Logic, Language and Information

Mind and Language

SALT from Cornell.

Kluwer: Studies in Lingusitics and Philosophy

International Public Relations Review.

The Links to them all is here

40 sorts of PR

For a work on the future evaluation needs of the PR industry, I did a little research into how many types of PR there really are.

Well, there are at least 40 different titles for the practice. The CIPR research is different to their interest groups and only a few groups reflect the roles of PR practitioners.

Tuesday, July 19, 2005

The Relationship Value Model of PR

The Relationship Value Model can now be viewed online at www.managementclarity.com

This is a new theory of management practice. It is based on a number of comments by practitioners and academics that Public Relations is the practice of managing relationships between an organisation and its publics.

As a theory, it is in its infancy and has been made available to allow you to look at it, criticise it and add to the thinking.

This Blog is but one way that you can have your say and can comment on the thinking and ideas that surround it. I hope that this is an opportunity for practitioners and researchers and look forward to contributions as they come forward.

Feel free to add your thoughts and comments and contribute.

Creating Wealth

This Blog is for people who have a specific interest in a form of public relations concerned with Relationship Management.

The thesis is that Relationship Management is a much wider topic than many would believe. This PDF (is a bit big but...) explains some of the early thinking.

If a practitioner is involved in Relationship Management, then, one may assume, their roll is to change the value of the relationship for both the organisation and the public affected by the change. This would mean there is such a thing as a Relationship Value Model.

Sunday, July 17, 2005

Intangible Thinking

(comment from David Phillips - left)

Intellectual Property: Valuation, Exploitation, and Infringement Damages By Gordon V. Smith, Russell L. Parr Is a $195 surprise. The cover says: “This book is designed to simplify the process of attaching a dollar amount to intangible assets, be it for licensing, mergers and acquisitions, loan collateral, or investment purposes.” Which just goes to show that, without valuing relationships (the biggest asset that a company can have), the $ value is worth zip. The book is tangible enough.


We really DO have to put Relationship Management into this kind of unthinking comment.


Wednesday, June 01, 2005

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